Arc-light electrode.



PATENTED JULY 9, 1907.

R. H. READ. ARC LIGHT ELECTRODE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT-10, 1802.

Inventbr.

Robert H. Read 'Witnesses.

' potential and amperage. I have discovered that conducting electrodes for STATE-VS ROBERT 11.- READ,

PATENT OFFICE.

' COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW'YORK. I n

L ane men'r nmscrnomi.

Specificationof Patent.

Patented July 9, 1907.

' Original application filed Hay 18,1901,8oria1 at. 60,813. Divided and this application filed 0otobor10,1902.

Serial 110.126.669.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that 1, ROBERT H. READ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of'Schenectady, State of New York, have in-' vented certain new andguseful Improvements in Arc- Light Electrodes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to are lighting, the object be-- ing to improve the quality of the light and permit the maintenance of a longer are with currents of moderate arc lamps formed of or ontaining a considerable proportion of the conducting carbids permit a longer are to be drawn for the same potential and current than corresponding electrodes of carbon, and produce a smoother action at the "arc, the tendency of the tips at the arc terminals being to .fuse before vaporization, thus conducing toward a quiet action free from or decrepitation, .and much more steady than a carbon arc. carbid, for example, an arc containing carbid of calcium has a rich golden color of great luminosity,

while one formed of or containing aluminium carbid has a much whiter appearance, the spectrum varying with the nature of the carbid.

I prefer to employ carbids which are unaffected by v moisture and therefore do not deteriorate in service when exposed to the atmosphere.

In my original application, Serial Number 60,813, of

which the present application is a division, I describe various carbids which might be employed. My present application is restricted to the use of titanium carbid or a compound containing the same, 'as an are light electrode. It yields eminently satisfactory resultsin arc lighting, giving a light of extraordinary efliciency, the are obtained being flaming or luminous and of a very good white color. It may be employed pure or mixed with a carbonizable binder molded and baked.

It may also be used for a cored carbon, but in each case I it is the preponderance of the titanium hues in the spectrum that gives to the arc-its peculiar character istics and its great efliciency. In preparing the electrodes of this material, the titanium carbid maybe finely pulverized and molded sticks of thedesired sizeby it with a carbonizable binder, such as cane sugar or wheat flour moistened with coal tar or even cold water. Aiter drying and baking at abright red heat its structure may be rendered more compact and dense by filling the pores with carbon by any approved process, such for example as saturating with sugarandagainfiring bnbyraisingtoaredheatina A Witnesses: Y

hydrocarbon vapor. I find that an arc lamp provided with electrodes oi such gives a more eflicient light than a carbon are. The iusion 0mm carbid con.-

The color of the arc varies with the base of the than a carbon arc. The electrodes are inherently slow burning even in the open air. ,The oxi d or other vapors developed in burning may if desired be trapped in an inclosing globe, and the lamp may be provided with a wiper periodically operated to remove the de duces to steadiness and renders the are more tenacious v posit fromthe wallsof the globe, or a draft may be provided through the inclosing globe to prevent a deposit.

When burning in an'automatic lamp it is desirable to provide special means for starting the are as the deposit of oxid formed at the electrode terminal is a poor conductor. Various methods maybe employed to start the flow of current to strike the arc.. The admixture of the carbid with the carbon tends to'reduce this difliculty.

In the accompanying drawings,Figures 1 and 2 illustrate elevations of arc light pencils of different sizes Y formed according to my invention; Fig. 3 shows acored electrode. n

The electrodes shown in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively are designed for lamps carrying different currents. In.

the typeshown in Fig. 3 a hollow carbon pencil 3 is filled with a core of conducting carbid compound, as

above described; I

This application is-a division of my pending application Serial Number 60,813, filed May 18, 1901-.

What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letter Patent of the United States is,

1. An are light electrodeformed of carbid of titanium.

2. An are light electrode containing carbid of titanium. 3: An are light electrode containing carbid of titanium having its pores filled with an electric-c0nductoia 4. An are light electrode formed of carbid of titanium having its pores filled with carbon. p 5. An are light electrode containing a predominating amount of titanic material.

6. An are light electrode conducting at ordinary temperntures, containing a predominating amount of titanic material.

7. An arc light electrode,conducting at ordinary tempo!- ature's, composed of titanium compound. 7

8. An are light electrode composed of material contain ing .titanic material in such amount that the titanium lines in the spectrum of the arc insure the emission of a substantially white light.

9. An are light electrode conducting at ordinary temperatures, and composed essentially of a titanium -compound.

10. An are light electrode composed of refractory conducting material of which, titanium forms one of the principal constituents. V

11. An are light electrode; conducting at'ordinary temperatures', and formed of material 0! which' tltanlum is one 01! the principal constituents.

'Inwitness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day or October, 1902.

ROBERT E. READ.

Blnninn B. HULL, m On'ronn. 

